The six-step approach
Work through these steps in order, every time. Resist the urge to jump to conclusions before completing the palate assessment — many wines reveal their most important clues late. The how to taste wine guide covers the individual elements (sweetness, acidity, tannin, alcohol, body) in detail.
Tilt the glass against a white background. Assess colour hue (ruby, garnet, tawny for reds; lemon, gold, amber for whites), depth (pale, medium, deep) and clarity (clear or hazy). Colour and depth give early clues: pale ruby suggests Pinot Noir or Gamay; deep opaque purple points toward Syrah or Malbec. A tawny rim in a red wine indicates age or oxidation.
Swirl gently, then smell without overthinking. Note the first impression: red fruit, dark fruit, white fruit, citrus, floral, earthy, spicy, oak, reduction, fault? Is the wine clean? The nose is the richest source of information in blind tasting.
Smell again after swirling more vigorously. Note whether aromas are primary (from the grape itself), secondary (from fermentation — yeast, butter, lees) or tertiary (from ageing — leather, earth, mushroom, dried fruit). Tertiary aromas suggest age; primary fruit dominance suggests youth.
Take a sip and work systematically through the five structural elements: sweetness (dry, off-dry, medium, sweet); acidity (low, medium, high — felt at the sides of the tongue); tannin, reds only (low, medium, high — drying sensation on gums); alcohol (low <11%, medium 11–13.9%, high ≥14%); body (light, medium, full).
Note the flavour characteristics and whether they confirm the nose. Assess the finish: short (< 5 seconds), medium (5–10 seconds), long (> 10 seconds). Long finish is generally associated with quality.
Synthesise: what grape variety? What climate (cool/warm)? What region? What age? What quality level? Work from what you know — acidity + red fruit + medium tannin points differently than acidity + dark fruit + high tannin. State a conclusion and a range of confidence.
Building pattern recognition
Blind tasting accuracy improves with deliberate practice: tasting the same variety side-by-side from different producers and regions; tasting the same wine at different ages; and tasting wines you know blind before looking at the label. The goal is to build an internal reference library — a sensory memory of what Riesling, Syrah or Chenin Blanc actually smells and tastes like, not just what a description says. Use the wine vocabulary guide to develop the language to describe what you find, and the tasting note guide for how to record it.
Sources: WSET (Systematic Approach to Tasting, Level 2 and Level 3 curricula); Court of Master Sommeliers (deductive tasting methodology); Institute of Masters of Wine (tasting examination standards). Last updated: 2026-10-19. Corrections via the contact form.